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class="cp"> <div id="lxhzndv" class="l"> <ul> <h2><span>技術(shù)資料</span></h2> </ul> <li><img src="/ourupload/150627/1_160IE55.JPG" style="width:290px;"/></li> <div id="zlb5jpp" class="lxwm"></div> </div> <div id="jxhx5x5" class="r"> <div id="tjpfjjj" class="pro"> <h2>技術(shù)資料</h2> <span><a href="/">首頁(yè)</a> > <a href='/support/1/'>技術(shù)支持</a> > <a href='/support/2/'>技術(shù)資料</a> > </span></div> <div id="hxfbtft" class="con"> <div align="center"> <h1>粉狀活性炭的生產(chǎn)方法及工藝技術(shù)改進(jìn)趨勢</h1> </div> <div id="5t15zjt" class="n"><span>發(fā)布日期：2015-07-07</span><span>文章來(lái)源:本站</span><span> </span></div> <div id="ztnzvdh" class="wenzhang"> <p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">粉狀活性炭的生產(chǎn)方法及工藝技術(shù)改進(jìn)趨勢</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　隨著(zhù)食品、醫藥、輕工、環(huán)保等行業(yè)的發(fā)展，活性炭作為一種吸附脫色劑，其用量迅速增加。建國初期我國活性炭的年產(chǎn)量?jì)H為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 3 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">多噸，至</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">1996</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">年，全國生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)家有二百多個(gè)，年產(chǎn)量達</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">13</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">萬(wàn)噸。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　根據活性炭的用途不同可將其制成粉狀和粒狀</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">粒狀活性炭又分定型炭（例：柱狀、球狀等）和非定型；根據生產(chǎn)中所用活化劑的不同又可將其分為物理法活性炭和化學(xué)法活性炭：根據生產(chǎn)原料不同亦可分為木質(zhì)炭和煤質(zhì)炭，因木質(zhì)原料孔隙度大，內部細胞組織有許多天然孔隙</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> (</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">木炭的比表面積為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 2 0 6- 42 9m2 / g),</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">使活化劑易進(jìn)入</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">且接觸反應面大易活經(jīng)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">而煤則不同</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">(</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">煤制焦炭的比表面積僅為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 2 0 - 80 m2 / g),</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">故與活化劑的反應面比木炭小的多?？傊?/span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">以化學(xué)法木質(zhì)粉狀活性炭的脫色性能最佳</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">它在水解、發(fā)酵、有機合成、制糖、制藥、凈水和環(huán)保等領(lǐng)域</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">用于除去發(fā)色體、膠質(zhì)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">吸附異味</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">防止液體渾濁</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">除去泡沫</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">提高蒸發(fā)結晶速度。例</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">我省滿(mǎn)城檸檬酸廠(chǎng)、保定磺酸廠(chǎng)、保定化工二廠(chǎng)的木糖車(chē)間、邢臺植酸廠(chǎng)、石家莊副食二廠(chǎng)的味精車(chē)間、趙縣葡萄糖廠(chǎng)、華北藥廠(chǎng)淀粉分廠(chǎng)、辛集飴糖廠(chǎng)和乳酸廠(chǎng)等均采用粉狀木質(zhì)活性炭作為產(chǎn)品的精制脫色劑。由于其用量大</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">涉及范圍廣</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">故國內各生產(chǎn)、科研單位不斷對其生產(chǎn)工藝、技術(shù)、設備等進(jìn)行探索、研究及改進(jìn)。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　一、粉狀木質(zhì)活性炭的生產(chǎn)方法</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">1</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">、化學(xué)法粉狀木質(zhì)活性炭</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　?。?/span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">1</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">）原理</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　化學(xué)法活性炭的成熟工藝為氯化鋅法</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">國內活性炭生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)大多采用該法</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">其活化原理為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">氯化鋅在炭化活化中有脫水作用</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">使用機木質(zhì)原料中的氫、氧元素以水的形式逸出</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">如此可降低炭化活化溫度</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">改變熱解路線(xiàn)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">另外氯化鋅溶液對木質(zhì)原料有溶解、侵蝕作用</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">故可順利滲透到原料內部</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">到達木質(zhì)原料中纖維形成的細孔中</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">以實(shí)現完全活化</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">活化過(guò)程中氯化鋅多數留在炭中起骨架作用</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">而形成的炭則沉積在骨架上</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">當最后用水洗掉氯化鋅后</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">則炭形成多孔</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">從而具有吸附、脫色作用。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　?。?/span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">2</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">）工藝過(guò)程</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　捏合</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">首先將工業(yè)品氯化鋅配成</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 45- 50</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">波美度的水溶液</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">其</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> p H</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">值為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 4. 5- 6. 5(</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">指一滴氯化鋅溶液溶于</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 2 5ml</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">蒸餾水中所測值</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ),</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">然后與烘干的木屑以</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 1</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">∶</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 3 - 4</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">的固液比投入捏合機中</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">使充分捏合均勻</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">捏合時(shí)間不小于</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 1 5</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">分鐘</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">以保證氯化鋅溶液充分進(jìn)入纖維內部。若采用其它混合方式</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">如簡(jiǎn)單人工攪拌或靜止浸泡</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">則所需混合時(shí)間應延長(cháng)。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　炭化活化</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">連續生產(chǎn)中采用內熱式回轉爐為炭化活化的主體設備</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">其熱載體為高溫煙道氣。傳熱方式為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">高溫煙道氣與物料呈逆流直接接觸傳熱。物料流動(dòng)方向為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">從回轉爐的高端連續加入捏合均勻的物料</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">靠回轉爐的轉動(dòng)與斜度使物料慢慢地由高向低移動(dòng)。由于物料在爐內不斷翻轉移動(dòng)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">從而保證物料炭化活化均勻</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量穩定。炭化活化時(shí)應嚴格控制反應溫度</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">雖提高溫度對反應有利</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">但氯化鋅的損失量增加</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> (</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">例</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 500</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃氯化鋅的蒸氣壓為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 1 0 mm Hg, 61 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 1 0 0 m m Hg, 73 2</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">760 mm Hg),</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">所以在保證活性炭質(zhì)量的前提下應盡力降低炭化活化溫度。該工段工藝條件控制在</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">溫度為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 450 - 550</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">時(shí)間</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 40</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">分鐘</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">回轉爐轉速為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 2 - 3</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">轉</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> /</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">分。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　回收</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">從回轉爐中卸出的物料中除含有炭及氯化鋅外</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">還含有因高溫和水蒸氣存在下反應生成的氧化鋅和氫氧化鋅</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">故需將其進(jìn)行處理</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">目的有兩個(gè)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">一個(gè)是使氧化鋅和氫氧化鋅反應變?yōu)榭勺鳛榛罨瘎┑穆然\</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">二是最大限度的回收氯化鋅</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">以循環(huán)使用降低成本。所包含的反應為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">Zn(OH)2 +2 HCl=Zn Cl2+2 H2 O</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">Zn O+2 HCl=Zn Cl2 +H2 O</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　采用多級逆流回收洗滌方法</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">當洗液中氯化鋅濃度高達</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 40</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">波美度時(shí)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">返回到捏合工段循環(huán)使用。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　凈化除雜</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">因生產(chǎn)中采用的設備大多為鐵器設備</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">導致產(chǎn)品中鐵含量超標</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">故需除鐵</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">.</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　其過(guò)程為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">將回收工段送來(lái)的物料加入除鐵池</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> (</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">非鐵設備</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ),</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">再加入自來(lái)水使其剛好浸沒(méi)物料</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">然后加入占物料量</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 4. 5%</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">的工業(yè)鹽酸</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">在</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 95</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃左右間歇攪拌反應</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 2</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">小時(shí)以上</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">最后反復漂洗、過(guò)濾</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">至洗液達中性為止。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　脫水</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">洗至中性的物料先采用三足離心機或板框壓濾機脫除其中大部分水份。然后在轉筒干燥機中干燥至水份小于</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 1 0 %</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">后送去粉碎包裝。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　粉碎包裝</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">國內生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)大多采用球磨機進(jìn)行粉碎</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">其產(chǎn)品細度應據用戶(hù)要求進(jìn)行調整。粒度越小脫色效果越好</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">但粒度過(guò)小影響過(guò)濾速度</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">一般控制在粒徑≥</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 1 2 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">目為佳。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　?。?/span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">3</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">）該法優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　優(yōu)點(diǎn)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">該法制備的活性炭孔隙率大</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">且可通過(guò)調整活化劑的濃度生產(chǎn)不同孔徑的活性炭</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">另外用氯化鋅作活化劑</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">炭化活性溫度低、易操作、能耗小</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">同時(shí)氯化鋅可回收循環(huán)使用。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　缺點(diǎn)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">因在炭化活化時(shí)有部分氯化鋅進(jìn)入大氣</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">另外回收工段使用揮發(fā)性鹽酸</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">兩者對大氣均有一定程度污染。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">2</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">、物理法粉狀木質(zhì)活性炭</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> </span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　?。?/span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">1</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">）、原理</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　用高溫水蒸氣、高溫煙道氣</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> (CO2 </span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">氣體</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> )</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">及高溫空氣對炭進(jìn)行活化的方法為物理活化法。其活化原理為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">H2 O(g)+Cx 80 0 -90 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> H2 +CO+Cx- 1 - Q </span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">CO2 (g)+C x 80 0 -90 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 2 CO+C x- 1</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">O2 (g)+C x 80 0 -90 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 2 CO+Cx- 2 +Q</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">O2 (g)+C x < 6 0 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> CO2 +C x- 1 +Q</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">大多采用高溫水蒸氣作活化劑</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">如我省保定賢臺活性炭廠(chǎng)即用該法。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　?。?/span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">2</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">）、用水蒸氣為活化劑的生產(chǎn)工藝</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　原料炭化</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">首先使木質(zhì)原料在</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 450 - 60 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃范圍內炭化完全</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">然后破碎為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 2 - 3 0 mm</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">的塊待用。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　炭化料的活化</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">因水蒸氣與炭在高溫下的反應為吸熱反應</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">當系統溫度達</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 80 0 - 90 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃時(shí)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">反應開(kāi)始進(jìn)行</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">但由于反應吸熱</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">會(huì )使物料溫度低于</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 80 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">影響反應速度</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">為保證溫度在</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 80 0 - 90 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">需補充熱能。因產(chǎn)物中有氫氣和一氧化碳生成</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">而該兩種氣體均可燃燒放出熱量</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">所以實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中即利用該部分燃燒熱補償反應吸熱造成的熱消耗。炭化活化反應在多管活化爐中進(jìn)行。炭化后的物料從活化爐的爐口加入</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">活化劑水蒸氣從活化爐上部通入</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">活化反應完成后</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">活性炭從下部卸出</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">而下部排出的氣體送入爐膛中燃燒。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　?。?/span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">3</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">）、該法優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　優(yōu)點(diǎn)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">用水蒸氣作活化劑</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">使炭表面純凈</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">因反應吸熱</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">不會(huì )使物料在活化中局部過(guò)熱而影響收率</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">同時(shí)該法無(wú)污染、節省燃料。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　缺點(diǎn)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> :</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">因耐火材料和木炭的傳熱系數小</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">易造成管內物料溫度不均</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">活化不一致而影響產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的穩定。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　二、粉狀木質(zhì)活性炭的工藝、技術(shù)改進(jìn)方向</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">1</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">、生產(chǎn)原料</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　雖用木材作原料制備的活性炭質(zhì)量較好</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">但由于近年來(lái)樹(shù)木的亂砍亂伐</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">再加之包裝、建筑、裝修、一次性衛生用具等每年也要消耗掉大量木材</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">而木材資源再生速度很慢</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">少則幾年</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">多則十幾年或幾十年</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">故造成我國木材資源短缺的現狀。為推進(jìn)活性炭行業(yè)的健康發(fā)展</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">我國有關(guān)部門(mén)曾就用不同原料代替木材研制生產(chǎn)活性炭進(jìn)行了大量工作。例如用稻殼制備活性炭</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> </span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〔</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">4</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〕</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">用廢棄植物制取可燃氣、炭和焦油</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> </span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〔</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">5</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〕</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">用工業(yè)水解渣制備活性炭</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> </span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〔</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">6</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〕〔</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">7</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〕</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">我?；瘜W(xué)系也曾就本地資源——麥桿、玉米秸代替木材制備活性炭進(jìn)行了大量的研究工作</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">其課題已于</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 1 999</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">年獲省級鑒定成果。除此之外也有用甘蔗渣</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">有機工業(yè)廢料等為原料制備活性炭的報道。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">2</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">、</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> </span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">生產(chǎn)工藝</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　因目前化學(xué)法活性炭大都采用氯化鋅作活化劑</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">因大氣污染問(wèn)題限制了它的發(fā)展</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">故人們在不斷探索以其它無(wú)污染或污染小的活化劑代替氯化鋅的新生產(chǎn)工藝。例有報道用硫酸作活化劑可制備高脫色力的脫色劑</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">且炭化活化溫度由氯化鋅法的</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">450 - 550</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃降為</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> 2 50 - 3 0 0</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">℃</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> </span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〔</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">8</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〕</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">用磷酸作活化劑</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">可基本消除污染</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">且產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量穩定</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">操作條件易控〔</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">9</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">〕</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">另外據最新資料報道</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">用輻射工藝和流態(tài)化工藝制備活性炭的小試研究正在進(jìn)行。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　隨著(zhù)人們環(huán)保意識的增強</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">物理法活性炭工藝將逐漸被人們所重視</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">為改善物理法活性炭的吸附性能</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">各生產(chǎn)單位進(jìn)行過(guò)不少?lài)L試</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">例如將一次高溫水蒸氣活化工藝改為兩次</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">可顯著(zhù)提高產(chǎn)品的脫色力。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">3</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">、</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> </span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">生產(chǎn)設備</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　活化爐是活性炭生產(chǎn)的最主要關(guān)鍵設備。用回轉爐雖操作簡(jiǎn)單、勞動(dòng)強度小、物料活化均勻</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量穩定</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">但因煙道氣溫度高</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">氣相中有部分氯化鋅帶入而增大消耗</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">若用平板爐</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">雖效率低</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">偶有炭化活化不均等缺點(diǎn)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">但操作靈活性大</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">污染易解決。如何對兩者進(jìn)行權衡</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">有關(guān)專(zhuān)家正對此進(jìn)行探索</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">相信不久的將來(lái)會(huì )有污染小、機械化程度高、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量穩定的高效活化爐問(wèn)世。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　粉碎干燥設備是活性炭各生產(chǎn)工藝中必用的設備。傳統粉碎設備大多采用不同規格的礦用球磨機</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">效率低、動(dòng)力消耗大、噪音污染嚴重</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">目前一些大企業(yè)已改用雷蒙機</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">該機效率高</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">粉碎均勻</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">濾速快。關(guān)于干燥設備</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">大都采用炭化活化爐的余熱作干燥熱源</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">采用固定箱式或回轉爐式干燥設備</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">但均存在粉大、效率低的缺點(diǎn)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">有些企業(yè)已改用其它效果更好的設備</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">例真空干燥、流化沸騰床干噪等。我國化工部機械化工研究院下屬的粉碎設備研究所和干燥設備研究所每年都有新型設備研制成功</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">投放市場(chǎng)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">供各企業(yè)參考選用。</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　三、結語(yǔ)</span></p><p style="text-align:left;line-height:180%;background:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">　　活性炭作為涉及各行各業(yè)吸附脫色的產(chǎn)品</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">近年來(lái)從原料到工藝設備均有很大的改進(jìn)和發(fā)展</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">但仍還存在不少問(wèn)題</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">需各專(zhuān)業(yè)的人員共同努力</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">以求不斷完善</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> ,</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;">滿(mǎn)足國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需求。</span><span style="color:#000000;font-size:16px;font-family:宋體,simsun;"> </span></p><p><br /></p> </div> <div id="pvdlxt5" class="pre">上一篇：<a href='/support/2/20150707126.html'>改性活性炭材料用于煙氣脫硫</a> </div> <div id="95h5jbr" class="next">下一篇：<a href='/support/2/20150707128.html'>粉末活性炭吸附技術(shù)在水廠(chǎng)應用中的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題</a> </div> </div> <div id="9thrdt5" class="blank3"></div> </div> </div> <div id="ln5zpn5" class="clear"></div> <div id="vblxtjb" class="foot"> <div id="9j5lrnd" class="footer"> <p> <a>版權所有：江蘇威肯碳環(huán)?？萍加邢薰?/a>?? <a >蘇ICP備15030529號-1</a> </p><br/> <p>地址：江蘇省淮安市洪澤工業(yè)園 ??電話(huà)：0517-87212656 ??手機：15250897658 ??郵箱：yonn@vikenton.com</p> </div> </div> <table id="table1" height="15" cellSpacing="0" cellPadding="0" width="90%" border="0" style="font-size: 12px; cursor: default; color: buttontext"> <caption><font color="#5AFF63"><marquee onmouseover="this.scrollAmount=0" 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